It follows the order Homoptera
Morphology: progressively imperfect
Harmful phase: adult and Nymph stage in insects
Mouthparts: piercing, sucking
Critical economic limit: 200 insects per 25 seedlings. The time for the infestation to appear is from the end of March to the end of May and from mid-June to mid-August, and the infestation begins at the edges of the ground.
Description of the insect: A small insect with a blue-green color
Aphid individuals:
They are characterized by the presence of two appendages close to the abdomen from the upper side, called cornicles
Aphids are distinguished by their piercing, sucking mouthparts with styloid parts, which the insect can insert into the epidermis of the plant or the growing apex of the plant. It feeds on the plant’s sap by sucking it from the plant. Most cotton aphids appear without wings, and they are all females that reproduce virginally and give birth directly without They are pollinated by males, but when the adult insects rush to leave the place and move to another crop, as a result of one of the following reasons, such as drying out of plants, a change in temperature, or a change in the percentage of humidity to a degree that is not appropriate and allows the life of the aphid individuals, then the adults give birth to insects with wings. It has the ability to fly and move to other obstacles to repeat its life cycle
Plant families on which insects feed
Aphids are considered to have multiple families and infect several families, reaching approximately 50 species of plant families, including okra, the mallow family, sesame, and vegetable types of the Cucurbitaceae family, such as cucumbers, squash, watermelon, cantaloupe, the nightshade family, citrus trees, and cotton.
Life cycle of a cotton Aphids gosspii
Cotton Aphids reproduce and give birth to female nymphs directly on the leaves of the plant and on the terminal buds. Immediately after birth, the nymphs begin to move in a simple manner and then begin to insert parts of the mouth through the sucker and feed directly by sucking the sap from the epidermis of the plant leaf or from the growing apex if it is present on it and connects. The freedoms reach the stage of the full insect after a very short period, and they also begin to complete their life cycle and give birth to females directly.
When cotton is infested with aphids
Cotton infects during two periods, the first period when it is a young seedling in late March until early June
While the second period occurs when the plants are large in size and takes place from mid-August until September. As a result of the aphids feeding on a large percentage of carbohydrates, they excrete them in the form of secretions with a high sugar content and excrete them through the anus called honey dew.
Aphid nymph molt in four stages, and after the fourth molt, the larvae turn into the stage of the full insect. They have four lifespans until they reach the stage of molting within four days during the summer, while they reach the stage of molting within three weeks during the winter.
Aphids are active throughout the year and have 54 generations per year that have been recorded in Egypt
Appearance of injury and damage
As a result of adult Nymph stage and insects sucking plant sap using parts or parts of the sucker, it causes wrinkling of the leaves, as well as yellowing and drying of the leaves.
When the infection is severe, it leads to the death of the growing top of the plant and the cessation of plant growth, resulting in its weakness and lack of fruit
When aphids infect large plants, they weaken
Aphids also secrete a high percentage of honeydew, which helps in the growth of various fungi on these hosts
Control
Get rid of weeds that are considered central hosts for aphids and through which they are transmitted to crops
Aphids must be detected directly when they are in small numbers before they multiply and increase in number, and the infected leaves are collected and destroyed.
Using biological control, such as endoparasitic insects, such as insects of the order Hymenoptera, as these individuals have the ability to lay eggs inside the aphid individuals. The eggs hatch, and the larvae emerge and feed on the internal content of the aphid, and then emerge from the aphid as complete insects.
Use predators that feed on aphids, such as the lion's mane fly or the 11-spotted aphid
Using biological control and spraying the infection spots, such as Kabolo 50%.
and Marshall 25%
Gasho 70%
Onicol 30%
Using chemical alternatives, such as using biological compounds such as MBID 49%
Yeast solution
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