Morphology: incomplete
Instar: harmful larvae
Mouth parts: biting in larvae and sucking in adults.
Description of the insect:
The adult insect is a strong-flying butterfly. Its color is brown, its belly tends to be grey. The front wings are dark brown, while the hind wings are white, and the edges and veins are generally brown.
Plant families on which insects feed
Wheat, cotton, barley, clover, lentils, chickpeas, corn, beans. It also infects some vegetable plants, such as potatoes, and some medicinal plants, such as chamomile and some ornamental plants, as well as a number of different types of weeds.
life cycle
- Butterflies are active after sunset and during the night, while during the day the butterflies stay away from the light, as they hide in any place far from the light or on the lower surface of the leaves.
- Adults mate during the night after emerging from the pupal stage, where the females lay eggs during their life cycle, about 2,000 eggs, which the females lay.
- By laying eggs in small groups on the lower surface of leaves, or she may lay them individually.
- The female always chooses places close to the surface of the soil to lay eggs, or on the lower parts of the plant, such as stems, or on fallen leaves, or in cracks in the soil.
- The eggs are characterized by being yellow in color, then becoming pale yellow and turning.
- It gradually turns black when the time for the eggs to hatch approaches, and small larvae emerge from them.
- They roam among plants and on fallen leaves during the day. During the night, they are able to move and cling to plants and seedlings to feed on them as a result of being fed by the larvae.
- They increase in size and have the ability to molt five times and go through six ages before To turn into virgin length
- Cutworm larvae are distinguished by the fact that the internal rings carry the abdominal legs with thorns on their lower surface, which help them to climb plants.
- They lose these thorns after the fourth molt during the fifth instar, and thus they are unable to move and climb the plants.
- This leads to them pinching the stem of the seedlings at the surface of the soil, causing the seedlings to fall.
- For the purpose of feeding, the habit increases in severity, it bites a large number of seedlings more than it needs, and this causes a large number of seedlings to fall on the surface of the soil while they are green.
- When the number of larvae increases and the amount of food decreases, they apparently prey on each other.
- This is called combined . The cutworm lives during the day in the soil and wraps itself around itself. It places its head in the middle of the ring and makes a cell for itself out of clay at a distance of 3 to 5 cm from the surface.
- Then it turns into a pupa inside this clay cocoon, then it turns into a pupal stage, from which the adult insect stage emerges from among the soil grains.
- The rodent insect has 5 generations per year.
Appearance of injury and damage
- The damage is caused by the larvae, starting from the first larval instars, so that the injury is somewhat minor, then the infestation becomes more severe after that in the last instars of the larvae, especially the sixth age.
- The larvae bite the stem of the seedlings at the soil surface, causing them to die and fall to the surface of the soil
- The larvae feed a large number of seedlings more than they need to feed
- A large number of seedlings are observed falling on the soil surface and pinched at the soil surface level
- Traces of seedling residue resulting from feeding
- Integrated control of cutworm larvae
Agricultural control:
- Care must be taken to plow the land well before planting
- Exposing soil particles to the sun helps in agricultural operations such as plowing
- Getting rid of weeds that are considered hosts that they feed on at young ages. There are also some weeds that the insect prefers to lay eggs on.
- The ground is rained heavily, causing the death of a large number of larvae
- Adding kerosene to irrigation water to kill larvae that burrow into the soil
- It is preferable to collect the larvae by hand, destroy them, and dispose of them in small spaces. This is done during the day by digging around the seedlings and collecting the larvae.
- Use of biological control
- The use of internal parasites such as parasites of the order Hymenoptera
- The use of internal parasites, such as the two-spotted tacana fly, which parasitizes internally on larvae, leading to their destruction.
- Use of hunting spiders
- Using birds such as crows
- Using predatory insects such as the needlewort and the colossoma beetle
chemical control
Using poisonous baits mixed
Marshall 25%
Tamarone 60%
Novitrin 40%
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